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Diabetes is a little-understood disease, but it is important that we know and understand what it is and how to identify possible symptoms. Diabetes refers to a condition where there is more sugar in the blood than the body can use. Diabetes mellitus, the medical name for the condition, is partially a lifestyle disease. This means that the way we live can lead to the onset of diabetes. However, some people are genetically predisposed to getting diabetes.
Statistics just released by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that the prevalence of diabetes in the US population is expected to increase by at lease twelve percent by 2050. This figure becomes daunting when you realize that this represents an estimated 48 million people. However, you do not need to be a part of this statistic if you start eating right and exercising.
There are three types of diabetes mellitus:
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
Gestational diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is the type of diabetes where the body is unable to produce any of the insulin it needs to function. Type 1 is an autoimmune disease; that is, the body is turning on itself. With Type 1 diabetes, it does this by destroying the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Once these cells are destroyed, the body can no longer produce insulin. Persons with Type 1 diabetes have to take insulin daily for the rest of their lives.
Type 1 diabetes used to be known as juvenile diabetes because it is found most frequently in children and young adults.
Type 2 diabetes
This was formerly referred to as adult-onset diabetes, but even children can have type 2 diabetes. With this type of diabetes, the body produces some insulin, but not as much as it needs to regulate sugar levels.
Gestational diabetes
This type of diabetes only affects pregnant women, hence, the name. It normally occurs late in a pregnancy and results from the hormonal changes taking place.
Risk factors for diabetes
One of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes is being overweight. Overweight people can delay the onset of the disease or even prevent it by losing weight. For women, having gestational diabetes is a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. People over the age of forty-five should be tested for diabetes annually.
Symptoms of diabetes
The main signs of diabetes include, but are not limited to, the following:
Increased thirst and hunger
Increasing need to urinate and increased quantity of urine produced
Blurry vision
Minor cuts and scratches take longer to heal than usual
Losing weight without any apparent reason
Being constantly tired
Treatment of diabetes
Typical treatment for diabetes includes:
medication (primarily insulin)
controlling and lowering your blood pressure
lowering your cholesterol levels (especially LDL)
exercising
losing weight
Getting a diagnosis of diabetes can be difficult, but remember that with current medical advances, the outlook is better than ever. Diabetes, while serious, is controllable with proper diet, exercise, and following your doctor's orders. Taking steps to change the factors you can control that lead to developing diabetes is the first step to a healthier you.
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Category Five 
